Furniture (Sloths way down towards the end)
All lamp types (Floor Ceiling, Wall, and Table) count towards "Into the Light"
All cabinets (Cabinet, Small Cabinet, and Wall Cabinet) count toward "Corporate Cabinetmaker"
Only wall decorations count towards "Framer Ranger"
All decorations (Room, Hanging, Wall, and Tabletop) count to "Captain Tchotchke"
Arguably, the "cheapest" things to make are Table Lamps, Tabletop Decorations, and Wall Cabinets.
Honourable Chairperson needs Sofa, Loveseat, Armchair, Bench, Chair, Stool, and probably nothing else.
Domestic completist counted Wall Segments (and probably other things) I'd made before badges existed.
For the Better Homes & Garden Badge, per Kerlick below, need to place items (in your home, presumably) the items you've upgraded their style, and exit decoration mode for the badge to kick in.
32 SDBs I'd made previously counted to Court Hoarder, but not to the Furniturerer badges. This was not all the SDBs I'd made previously. None of the other furniture I'd made previously counted (to Furniturerer)
Newly made SDBs count toward Master Furniturerer...
The Home Improver badges are currently bugged for me. All others worked as described for me.
Sloths
Possible to get spat at twice on same street. (got spat at, fed 16 rods to two sloths, fed 8 rods to one sloth, got spat at again).
--right after that, couldn't get spat at by three sloths on next street over. Took the time to feed two sloths 16 rods each, and then got spat at again)
Definitely seems to be a timer on spitting (5 minutes??)
Spit an average of 2.56 snails per spit (n=9)
Gave an average of 8.56 snails per rod (n=156 rods)
Of the 11 times I fed sloths (1 or 2 sloths at a time), only gave less than 8.5 snails per rod twice. Both times, others were on the street with me, so I may have lost snails, and the actual average may be slightly higher.
Hope someone finds this useful,
--Me